Explanation

Used to express a strong determination or insistence to do something, even to the extent of going to great lengths.

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Key Formation

• Verb (て-form) + まで

  食べてまで (even to the extent of eating)

• Noun + まで

  命を捧げてまで (even to the extent of sacrificing one's life)

Example Sentences

• 成功するためには、努力してまで頑張ろう。

  To succeed, let's work hard, even to the point of exerting great effort.

  せいこうするためには、どりょくしてまでがんばろう。

  Seikou suru tame ni wa, doryoku shite made ganbarou.

  Pronunciation

• 彼は自分の意見を貫くために、議論してまで戦った。

  He fought even to the point of arguing in order to stick to his own opinion.

  かれはじぶんのいけんをつらぬくために、ぎろんしてまでたたかった。

  Kare wa jibun no iken o tsuranuku tame ni, giron shite made tatakatta.

  Pronunciation

• 彼女は自分の大切な人を守るために、命を捧げてまで戦った。 (Inspired by Kimetsu no Yaiba (Demon Slayer))

  She fought even to the extent of sacrificing her life to protect her loved ones.

  かのじょはじぶんのたいせつなひとをまもるために、いのちをささげてまでたたかった。

  Kanojo wa jibun no taisetsu na hito o mamoru tame ni, inochi o sasagete made tatakatta.

  Pronunciation

• 彼は敵に対して一切の情けをかけず、徹底抗戦してまで戦った。

  He fought even to the point of engaging in total resistance against the enemy without any mercy.

  かれはてきにたいしていっさいのなさけをかけず、てっていこうせんしてまでたたかった。

  Kare wa teki ni taishite issai no nasake o kakezu, tettei kōsen shite made tatakatta.

  Pronunciation

• 彼らは夢を実現するために困難を乗り越えてまで努力した。

  They made efforts even to the extent of overcoming difficulties in order to realize their dreams.

  かれらはゆめをじつげんするためにこんなんをのりこえてまでどりょくした。

  Karera wa yume o jitsugen suru tame ni konnan o norikoete made doryoku shita.

  Pronunciation

Usage Notes

Notes and Tips for JLPT students

Related Grammar, and what's the difference?

• ために (tame ni) - (N4)
  - Both てまで (te made) and ために (tame ni) express purpose, but てまで (te made) emphasizes the extent of effort or determination made, while ために (tame ni) focuses more on stating the reason or goal.
• どんなに～ても (donna ni ~ temo) - (N2)
  - Both てまで (te made) and どんなに～ても (donna ni ~ temo) express a strong determination, but どんなに～ても (donna ni ~ temo) emphasizes that no matter how much effort is put in, the desired outcome may not be achieved.
• しまう (shimau) - (N3)
  - てまで (te made) and しまう (shimau) both express completion of an action, but てまで (te made) emphasizes the strong determination or insistence to do something, while しまう (shimau) implies completion of an action unintentionally or regrettably.
• がたい (gatai) - (N1)
  - Both てまで (te made) and がたい (gatai) convey a sense of difficulty, but てまで (te made) emphasizes the strong determination or effort made, while がたい (gatai) focuses on the objective difficulty or impossibility of an action.

Useful Vocabulary that appeared in this page

• * 成功 (せいこう)successPronunciation
• * 努力 (どりょく)effortPronunciation
• * 頑張る (がんばる)to do one's bestPronunciation
• * 意見 (いけん)opinionPronunciation
• * 貫く (つらぬく)to stick toPronunciation
• * 戦う (たたかう)to fightPronunciation
• * 大切 (たいせつ)importantPronunciation
• * 人 (ひと)personPronunciation
• * 守る (まもる)to protectPronunciation
• * 命 (いのち)lifePronunciation
• * 捧げる (ささげる)to sacrificePronunciation
• * 敵 (てき)enemyPronunciation
• * 一切 (いっさい)allPronunciation
• * 情け (なさけ)mercyPronunciation
• * 徹底 (てってい)thoroughnessPronunciation
• * 抗戦 (こうせん)resistancePronunciation
• * 夢 (ゆめ)dreamPronunciation
• * 実現 (じつげん)realizationPronunciation
• * 困難 (こんなん)difficultyPronunciation
• * 乗り越える (のりこえる)to overcomePronunciation
• * 努力 (どりょく)effortPronunciation

Quiz

What does てまで express in a sentence?

• Frustration
• Determination
• Regret